❶ 瀛楄抗鍐沖畾涓涓浜虹殑鎬ф牸鍚楋紵
鍐欎釜瀛楃湅鎬ф牸 浠庡瓧瓚寵抗鑳界湅鍑哄啓瀛椾漢鐨勬ф牸銆 鎴戜滑甯稿湪淇′歡鍜屾枃浠朵笂絳懼悕錛屾畩涓嶇煡錛岀瑪榪規槸鑳藉睍紺哄啓瀛椾漢鐨勪釜鎬с備笉榪囷紝絎旇抗鎬誨綊鏄鍚庡ぉ褰㈡垚鐨勩傚啓瀛椾漢鐨勫瓧榪規槸鏍規嵁璇稿傚勾榫勩佽亴涓氬拰鎬у埆絳夌殑涓嶅悓鑰岃濉戦犺屾垚鐨勩傚弽涔嬶紝涔熷彲浠ヨ碵鎬ф牸]鍦ㄦ煇縐嶇▼搴︿笂鏄鑷宸卞煿鍏葷殑銆 灝忓瓧 娉ㄦ剰鍔涢泦涓錛屾敞鎰忕粏鑺傘備絾紼嶅珜紲炵粡璐錛屼笉鍠勫仛浣撳姏鍔沖姩銆傞傚悎鑴戝姏鍔沖姩錛屾兂鍍忓姏涓板瘜銆 鏈夋１瑙掔殑瀛 鏈夋櫤鎱с佸杽浜庨昏緫鎬濊冦傚歸噾閽辨晱鎰燂紝鑺遍挶灝忔皵銆備笉榪囪ヨ姳鐨勯挶鑲鑺憋紝緇濅笉涔辮姳閽便傚父琚璇浠ヤ負鏄鍐鋒貳鐨勪漢銆傚瑰嚟鎰熻夎磋瘽鐨勪漢錛屼粬寰堥毦瀵逛粯銆 鍦嗘粦鐨勫瓧 娓╁拰銆佷翰鍒囩殑浜恆傞『浠庛佷笖涓嶅杽鍧氭寔鑷鎴戙傞傚簲鎬у己銆佷笉鏍戞晫銆 澶у瓧 鐩寸埥銆佹槑鏈椼傚厖婊¤嚜淇°佸栧悜鎬ф牸銆傛涓嶇姽璞鍦板潥鎸佽嚜鎴戙 鏈夋鐧栫殑瀛 鍐欑畝鍖栧瓧銆佽嚜鎴戦庢牸寮虹殑鑽変綋瀛楃殑浜哄仛浜嬮┈鉶庛佺洿鐜囷紝涔熸湁鍋氫簨鏁ｆ極鐨勬瘺鐥呫傚杽浜庡嚭璋嬪垝絳栵紝浣嗕笉鎰誇負瑙勫垯鎵鏉熺細錛屽彌閫嗗績寮恆傛槗鏍戞晫錛屽嵈涓嶆槗閬浜鴻儗鍙涖 宸ユ暣鐨勫瓧 娉ㄦ剰鍔涢泦涓錛岃兘鎺у埗浣忚嚜宸辯殑浜恆備笉甯歌鎯呯華宸﹀彸銆 絎旇抗涓鑸瑕佷粠瀛楀艦銆佹柟鍚戙侀熷害銆佺瑪欏轟笌澶у皬銆佺敤鍔涘己寮卞叚涓瑕佺礌鍒ゆ柇銆 鏈夋１瑙掔殑瀛楁樉紺哄啓瀛椾漢鍧氭瘏銆佸己紜錛屽渾婊戠殑瀛楄〃紺哄啓瀛椾漢鑰佸疄銆佸拰姘旓細澶у瓧琛ㄧず鍐欏瓧浜烘槸澶栧悜鍨嬫ф牸錛屽皬瀛楀垯琛ㄧず鍐欏瓧浜烘槸鍐呭悜鍨嬫ф牸銆傚瓧鍐欏緱鏄鍚﹀伐鏁村彲浠ョ煡閬撳啓瀛楃殑浜烘敞鎰忓姏鏄鍚﹂泦涓銆傚瓧榪規伆濂芥槸鍐欏瓧浜烘湰韜鐨勪漢鍝併 瀛楄抗鐨勯珮鐭銆佽儢鐦︺佹柟鍚戱紝涔熶唬琛ㄤ簡涓嶅悓鐨勬ф牸銆 鐦﹂暱鐨勫瓧 嫻婕涓諱箟鑰呫傞叿鐖辯粯鐢誨拰闊充箰錛屽叿鏈変赴瀵岀殑鍒涢犲姏鍙婃兂鍍忓姏銆 妯瀹界殑瀛 鐜板疄涓諱箟鑰呫傜簿浜庢暟鐞嗭紝灞炰簬閫昏緫鎬ф濊冪殑綾誨瀷銆 鏂規柟姝ｆｇ殑瀛 騫寵澶勪簨鐨勭被鍨嬨傝櫧鐒舵病鏈変粈涔堢壒瀹氱殑涓撻暱錛屽嵈鑳介傚害鍦板彂鎸ュ叾鎵嶈兘銆 鍚戝彸涓嬫枩 媧繪臣銆佹槗鍐插姩鐨勬ф牸銆傚枩嬈涓庝紮浼翠滑鐑鐑闂歸椆鍦拌仛浼氥傚ソ鑳滃績寮恆佹槗涓庝漢鍙戠敓鍐茬獊錛屽父浣挎у瓙銆 鍚戝彸涓嬪瀭 鑰佸疄鑰岀晱棣栧熬鐨勪漢銆傛剚鐪変笉灞曘佺儲浜嬩笉鏂銆傛ф牸鎳﹀急錛屽父琚錏妯鐨勪漢鍚撳掋 1.絎旇抗杞婚噸鍐沖畾浜虹殑鎬ф牸鍜屽伐浣滆兘鍔涖 2.瀛楁瘝澶у皬錛屽傚ぇ鍐欏瓧姣嶈繃澶э紝瀛椾綋榪囧ぇ鎴栬繃灝忥紝璇佹槑涓鎬ц〃鐜扮殑鎰忓浘鍜屾効鏈涖傛互鐢ㄥ姬綰匡紝鑺卞瓧灝捐〃鏄庤嚜鎴戞劅瑙夈佺簿紲炵姸鎬佹湁鏌愮嶅矓闄愭с 鍔炰簨涓涓濅笉鑻熷拰鏈夋潯鐞嗙殑浜哄湪絎旇抗涓閫氬父鏈夎繖浜涚壒鐐--瀛楁瘝娓呮氬畬鏁達紝鏍囩偣絎﹀彿鍑嗙『銆 3.瀛楄岄珮浣庝笉騫蟲槸鏈烘櫤鍜岀嫛鐚句漢鐨勭瑪榪廣 4.瀛楄抗鏈夋１鏈夎掞紝璇存槑瑙傜偣鍜屾剰鍥懼潥瀹氾紝鍠滄㈠姞鍓у啿紿侊紱瀛楄抗鍦嗘粦琛ㄦ槑鍔炰簨鑰佺粌錛屾ф牸闅忓拰銆 鏍規嵁涓婅堪鐗瑰緛鏉ュ垽鏂浜虹殑鎬ф牸銆 棣栧厛浠庝笅絎旂殑杞婚噸鐪嬶紝絎旂敾杞婚噸鍧囧寑閫備腑錛岃存槑紼抽噸錛屾湁鑷鍒跺姏錛屽規墍鍠滄㈢殑浜嬫儏鑳借揪鍒板傞唹濡傜棿鐨勭▼搴︺ 絎旂敾涓嶅寑縐扮殑浜哄垯鍠滄㈢牬鍧忥紝鑴炬皵鏆磋簛錛屽洜鐞愮庡皬浜嬪氨浼氫激蹇冦 絎旂敾寰堥噸鐨勪漢鏁忔劅錛涚瑪鐢昏繃杞葷殑浜哄垯鑷淇＄▼搴﹀樊錛屽枩嬈㈣嚜璐ｃ 瀛楄屼篃鑳借存槑闂棰樸 琛岀洿璇存槑紼抽噸錛岃搗浼忎笉騫寵存槑鏈夊栦氦鎵嬭厱錛屽杽浜庡彂鐜板埆浜虹殑寮辯偣銆 瓚婂啓瓚婂線涓婃枩錛岃存槑鑷灝婂績寮猴紱寰涓嬫枩錛岃存槑鎬ф儏娌夐儊銆 瀛椾綋澶ц〃鏄庡湪鏋佺鏉′歡涓嬭兘澶熻〃鐜拌嚜宸憋紝榪囦簬鑷淇″拰涓炬㈤殢渚匡紱瀛椾綋灝忓垯琛ㄦ槑鍏嬪埗銆佷細璁＄畻銆佹湁瑙傚療鍔涖 瀛楄抗緔у噾鐨勪漢鍚濆暚銆佽皚鎱庛 瀛椾綋鍨傜洿鑰呰矗浠繪劅寮 鍐欏瓧瀛椾綋鍨傜洿鐨勪漢娉ㄩ噸瀹炶返錛岀嫭絝嬭嚜涓伙紝澶磋剳鐞嗘櫤銆佹竻鏅幫紝鏍規嵁鑷宸辯殑鍒嗘瀽鍒ゆ柇鏉ュ仛鍐沖畾錛屼竴鏃﹀仛鍑哄喅瀹氬悗錛屽氨涓嶅規槗鏀瑰彉銆傝嚜鎴戞帶鍒跺姏寮猴紝琛屼簨璋ㄦ厧銆佹湁鑺傚埗錛岃ょ湡錛屽繝浜庤亴瀹堬紝璐ｄ換鎰熴佸師鍒欐у己錛屾儏鎰熷弽搴斾笉寮虹儓銆 瀛椾綋鍙沖捐呭嚲濂界ぞ浼氫簰鍔 鍐欏瓧瀛椾綋鍚戝彸鍊劇殑浜虹Н鏋佽繘鍙栵紝鑳藉姩鎬у己錛屼笉鎬曞洶闅撅紝鐙絝嬭嚜涓伙紝鎬濇兂寮鏀撅紝灞曟湜鏈鏉ワ紝瀵圭簿紲為嗗煙鐨勪笢瑗挎劅鍏磋叮錛屽苟娓存湜鑷宸辮兘鍦ㄧ簿紲為嗗煙閲屾湁鎵鍙戝睍銆傚緟浜哄弸濂斤紝鎬ф儏寮鏈楋紝涓轟漢鎱鋒叏澶ф柟錛屾湁鍚屾儏蹇冿紝鍒╀粬錛屾湁濂夌尞綺劇烇紝闆嗕綋瑙傚康姣旇緝寮猴紝鍋忓ソ紺句細浜掑姩銆傚傛灉瀛椾綋鍚戝彸鍊炬枩錛岃岃屽悜鍚戜笅鍊炬枩錛屽弽鏄犱功鍐欒呭ソ鍐呯渷錛屼絾鎰忓織姣旇緝鍚勫急錛屽規槗鍙椾粬浜哄獎鍝嶃 瀛椾綋宸﹀捐呮儏鎰熷帇鎶 鍐欏瓧瀛椾綋鍚戝乏鍊劇殑浜哄湪紺句細鐢熸椿涓灝忓績璋ㄦ厧鐨勩佺粏蹇冪殑錛屽ソ鍐呯渷鐨勶紝鍏蟲敞鑷宸憋紝瀵瑰懆鍥寸幆澧冨弽搴斿喎婕狅紝鎯呮劅鍘嬫姂銆傝傚療鍔涙晱閿愶紝鍙鑳芥槸涓濂界殑鍊懼惉鑰咃紝涓嶅規槗涓庝漢浜х敓姝ｉ潰鍐茬獊銆傝嚜鍔涙洿鐢燂紝鐙絝嬭嚜涓匯 緇嗗皬瀛楄傚療鍔涘ソ 涔犳儻浜庡啓緇嗗皬瀛楃殑浜猴紙瀛椾綋澶у皬鍦4mm-2mm涔嬮棿錛夋湁鑹濂界殑瑙傚療鍔涘拰涓撴敞鍔涳紝鍔炰簨璁ょ湡緇嗗績錛屼絾榪囦簬璋ㄦ厧灝忓績錛岃﹁夋у緢楂橈紝瀹規槗鍙楀栫晫鐜澧冪殑褰卞搷錛岄潪甯稿湪鎰忓埆浜哄硅嚜宸辯殑鐪嬫硶銆傚傛灉瀛楄抗緇嗗皬錛屽苟涓旇秺鍐欒秺寰涓婏紝琛ㄦ槑涔﹀啓鑰呮敞鎰忓姏闈炲父闆嗕腑錛屽枩嬈㈠仛涓浜涚粏鑷寸殑宸ヤ綔錛岀悊鏅恆佸喎闈欙紝鍠勪簬鍒嗘瀽鍒ゆ柇錛屽仛浜嬭愬績錛屼粩緇嗐傛敞閲嶅跺涵錛屼互瀹跺涵涓烘牳蹇冿紝鑳借嚜鎴戠壓鐗層佽嚜鎴戝夌尞銆傚傛灉瀛楄抗緇嗗皬錛屼絾鏄瓚婂啓瓚婂線涓嬶紝琛ㄦ槑涔﹀啓鑰呮ф牸杞寮憋紝欏轟粠錛岃嚜淇″績涓嶅己錛屾皵閲忔瘮杈冨皬錛屽氱枒澶氳檻錛岃繃浜庡湪鎰忓埆浜哄硅嚜宸辯殑鍙嶅簲銆 灝忓瓧涓嶅枩嬈㈠紩浜烘敞鎰 涔犳儻浜庝簬鍐欏皬瀛楃殑浜猴紙瀛椾綋甯稿父鍦5mm-4mm涔嬮棿)閫氬父鏄鍠滄㈠唴鐪佺殑銆佷笉鍠滄㈣鍒浜烘敞鎰忕殑銆佽唉鉶氱殑銆佹湸緔犵殑銆佺緸鎬鐨勩佹敞閲嶇粏鑺傜殑銆佽唉鍗戠殑銆佹伃欏虹殑銆 澶у瓧濂借〃鐜 涔犳儻浜庡啓澶у瓧鐨勪漢錛堝瓧浣撳ぇ灝忓湪6mm-8mm涔嬮棿錛夊枩嬈㈠紩璧峰埆浜烘敞鎰忕殑錛屽ソ琛ㄧ幇鐨勶紝鍋氫簨姣旇緝榪呴熶絾鏈変簺椴佽幗鐨勶紝浠ヨ嚜鎴戝姩鏈轟負琛屽姩瀵煎悜鐨勶紝鍋氫簨鏈夌洰鐨勩佹湁璁″垝錛屼笉娉ㄩ噸緇嗚妭鐨勩佷篃鏄鑷鎴戜負涓蹇冪殑銆 涓絳夊瓧娉ㄩ噸瀹炶返 涔犳儻浜庡啓涓絳夊瓧鐨勪漢錛屽瑰栫晫鐜澧冮傚簲鑳藉姏寮虹殑錛屾敞閲嶅疄璺電殑錛岀悊鎬х殑銆佺幇瀹炵殑銆佸疄闄呯殑錛屽伐浣滀腑涓庝漢鐩稿勫弸濂界殑銆 姝ｆ柟褰㈠瓧涓轟漢姝ｇ洿 涔犳儻浜庝功鍐欒繖縐嶅瓧浣撶殑浜哄搧琛岀姝ｃ佷負浜烘ｇ洿錛岃矗浠誨績寮恆傚皧閲嶄紶緇燂紝閬靛畧綰寰嬪拰娉曡勶紝鍘熷垯鎬у己錛屼笉灞堜粠鏉冨▉銆傚姙浜嬬ǔ閲嶈笍瀹炪佺粏蹇冭皚鎱庛傝嚜鎴戞帶鍒惰兘鍔涘己錛屾儏鎰熶笉瀹規槗澶栭湶銆 鍦嗗艦瀛楁ф儏闅忓拰 涔犳儻浜庝功鍐欏渾褰㈠瓧鐨勪漢錛屼竴鑸鎬ф儏姣旇緝娓╁拰錛屽績鍦板杽鑹錛屽杽瑙ｄ漢鎰忥紝閫氭儏杈劇悊錛岄噸鎰熸儏錛屾ф牸鍧氶煣錛岀ぞ浼氱幇瀹為傚簲鎬у己錛屼負浜哄勪簨閲囧彇涓搴鎬箣閬擄紝涓嶅嚲鎵т竴絝錛屼笉鍠滄涓庝漢浜х敓姝ｉ潰鍐茬獊錛岃嚜鎴戝厠鍒惰兘鍔涘己錛岃屼簨瀹℃厧錛岃冭檻鍛ㄥ叏,浣嗚繃浜庡厠鍒惰嚜宸辨湰鑳界殑闇奼傦紝琛屽姩涓嶅熸灉鏁錛屽仛閲嶅ぇ鍐沖畾鏃跺父甯哥姽璞涓嶅喅銆 闀挎柟褰㈠瓧鍕囦簬寮鎷 涔犳儻浜庝功鍐欒繖縐嶅瓧浣撶殑浜轟竴鑸鑷淇″績寮猴紝縐鏋佽繘鍙栵紝瀵屼簬琛屽姩鎬э紝澶勪笘鐖辨啂鍒嗘槑銆佹佸害鏄庢湕銆傚叿鏈夊弽浼犵粺銆佸弽涔犱織鍜屽媷浜庡紑鎷撶殑綺劇炪 濡傛灉闀挎柟褰㈢殑瀛椾綋鍚戝彸鍊炬枩錛屽弽鏄犱功鍐欒呮ф儏璞鐖姐佸績鑳稿藉箍錛屼箰瑙傚悜涓婏紝鍠滄㈢珵浜夈傛ф牸寮犳壃澶栭湶錛屽規槗寰楃姜浜恆 濡傛灉闀挎柟褰㈢殑瀛椾綋鍚戝乏鍊炬枩錛屽弽鏄犱功鍐欒呭ソ鍐呯渷錛屾儏緇姣旇緝鍘嬫姂錛屽叧娉ㄨ嚜宸憋紝鑷鎴戞瘮杈冨皝闂錛屽瑰懆鍥寸幆澧冨弽搴斿喎婕犮 鎵佸艦瀛楀叿鏈夐〗寮虹殑姣呭姏 涔﹀啓鎵佸艦瀛椾綋鐨勪漢鏈夊潥瀹氱殑淇″績鍜岄〗寮虹殑姣呭姏錛屼笉瀹規槗鍙楀栫晫鐜澧冪殑褰卞搷錛岀敋鑷沖滻鎵у繁瑙侊紝鐖遍捇鐗涜掑皷銆傚仛浜嬭ょ湡銆佽礋璐ｏ紝琛屼簨鏈夋潯鐞嗭紝鏈夎″垝錛屼絾鏈夋椂鍒繪澘鍍靛寲錛岀己涔忓脊鎬с 濡傛灉鎵佸艦瀛楀悜鍙沖撅紝鍙嶆槧涔﹀啓鑰呮湁鐞嗘兂銆佹湁鎶辮礋銆佺Н鏋佽繘鍙栵紝鍕囦簬寮鎷擄紝涓轟漢鐑鎯咃紝鐑鐖辯敓媧伙紝涔愪簬鍔╀漢錛屽規槗涓庝漢鐩稿勶紝鏁浜庡啋闄╁拰鍋氭柊鐨勫皾璇曘 濡傛灉鎵佸艦瀛椾綋鍚戝乏鍊撅紝鍙嶆槧涔﹀啓鑰呭叿鏈夊彌閫嗙殑鎬ф牸錛屼笂榪涘績寰堝己錛岃兘鍚冭嫤鑰愬姵錛屽仛浜嬫寔涔嬩互鎮掞紝鍧氬繊涓嶆嫈錛屽啓榪欑嶅瓧浣撶殑浜烘竻楂樺ゅ偛錛屼笉灞戜簬涓栦織鐨勪簨錛屽圭幇瀹炵ぞ浼氬父鎰熸劋鎳戜笉騫籌紝鑳告鐞嗘兂鍗磋夊緱澹蹇楅毦韙岋紝鍐呭績鍏呮弧鐭涚浘鏂椾簤銆備氦鍙嬭寖鍥寸嫮紿勶紝浣嗕翰瀵嗙殑鏈嬪弸鍒欐繁浜ゃ