1. 澶忓ｉ傚悎縐嶇殑钄鑿
1銆佺┖蹇冭彍銆傜┖蹇冭彍鏄寰堝氫漢鍦ㄥ忓ｉ兘浼氶夋嫨縐嶆嶇殑钄鑿溿傚畠鐨勭敓鍛藉姏寮猴紝鑰愮儹鎬уソ錛岀嶆嶅悗鑳藉熻繛緇鏀惰幏濂藉嚑鑼錛屾槸闈炲父涓嶉敊鐨勮敩鑿溿傜┖蹇冭彍鏄鍠滄按鍚屾椂鍙堝緢鑰愭棻鐨勮敩鑿滐紝鍥犳ゅ規俯搴﹁佹眰涓嶉珮錛40搴︿互涓婄殑澶╂皵閮芥槸鍙浠ユ垚媧葷殑錛屽強鏃剁粰絀哄績鑿滆ˉ鍏呮按鍒嗗嵆鍙銆
2銆佺敓鑿溿傜敓鑿滈傚悎鍒濆忕嶆嶃傜敓鑿滅嶆嶆椂闂翠竴鑸鍦ㄦ槬縐2涓瀛ｈ妭錛屼絾濡傛灉閮介夋嫨鍦ㄨ繖涓や釜瀛ｈ妭鏍界嶏紝灝變細閫犳垚鐢熻彍鏁伴噺澶澶氾紝渚涘ぇ浜庢眰錛屽傛灉鍙浠ラ夋嫨鍦ㄥ忓ｇ嶆嶏紝鉶界劧浜ч噺瑕佷綆浜庡叾浠栧ｈ妭錛屼絾鏄鍗曚環鍗磋侀珮錛岀嶆嶆晥鐩婂彲瑙傘
3銆佺櫧鑿溿傜櫧鑿滀篃鍙浠ュ湪澶忓ｆ牻縐嶃傚忓ぉ縐嶆嶇櫧鑿滀竴瀹氳佹寫閫変竴涓閫傚疁澶忓ぉ鏍界嶇殑鍝佺嶏紝鐧借彍閫傚悎鐢熼暱鍦ㄥ厜鐓у厖瓚崇殑鐜澧冧腑錛屼絾鏄榪囦簬寮虹儓鐨勫厜鐓т細瀵艱嚧妞嶆牚鍑虹幇鏋鍙舵帀鍙剁殑鐜拌薄錛屽洜姝ゅ湪澶忓ｅ吇鎶ょ櫧鑿滄椂鍙浠ュ湪姣忓ぉ涓婂崍涓烘嶆牚鎻愪緵鍏夌収錛屽湪鍗堝悗鍒欓渶瑕佷負鐧借彍鍙婃椂閬闃達紝浠ュ厤琚寮哄厜鐏間激銆
4銆侀煭鑿溿傞煭鑿滈傚悎澶忓ぉ縐嶆嶃傚忓ｇ嶆嶉煭鑿滈渶瑕佸皢縐嶅瓙鎻愬墠鍋氬ソ鍌鑺藉伐浣滐紝澶忓ｆ皵娓╄繃楂橈紝鍦熷￥婀垮害澶э紝闊鑿滅嶅瓙瀹規槗鍙戠敓鑵愮儌錛岀粡榪囧偓鑺戒箣鍚庣殑縐嶅瓙鍙戣娊閫熷害蹇錛岃妭鐪佽偛鑻楁椂闂淬傞煭鑿滀竴嬈＄嶆嶅彲浠ヨ繛緇澶氬勾鏀惰幏錛屽睘浜庝竴縐嶉傚簲鎬ц緝騫跨殑钄鑿滐紝鏈変竴瀹氱殑鑰愬瘨鍜岃愰珮娓╂с
5銆侀粍鐡溿傞粍鐡滃叿鏈夎愮儹鐨勭壒鎬э紝閫氬父鍙浠ュ湪澶忓ぉ鐨5銆6鏈堟牻縐嶃傞粍鐡滃忓ｆ牻縐嶅彲鐩存挱錛屼篃鍙閲囩敤鑲茶嫍縐繪牻錛屽綋鐒舵渶濂界殑鏄閲囩敤絀寸洏蹇閫熻偛鑻椼傚忓ぉ鐢變簬娓╁害楂橈紝寰堝規槗閫犳垚姘村垎鐨勭己澶憋紝縐嶆嶆椂瑕佸強鏃剁粰妞嶆牚嫻囨按錛屼繚鎸佸湡澹ゆ箍娑︺
6銆佽嫤鐡溿傝嫤鐡滄槸涓縐嶇敓闀垮懆鏈熷緢闀跨殑钄鑿滐紝涓鑸鏄鍒濆忓畾妞嶏紝澶忓ｆ嶆牚鏃虹洓鐢熼暱銆傚熀鏈涓婁粠10-35鈩冨畠閮藉彲浠ラ傚簲錛屼笉榪囬傚悎縐嶅瓙钀岃娊鐨勬俯搴︿負30-35鈩冨乏鍙熾傚湪鏍界嶅悗鍙浠ヤ負妞嶆牚鎻愪緵鐭跨墿璐ㄤ赴瀵岀殑娌蟲按鎴栬呮箹姘達紝嫻告箍鍏ㄩ儴鐨勫湡澹わ紝涓鴻嫤鐡滃壋閫犱竴涓婀挎鼎鐨勭敓闀跨幆澧冦傚湪涓鴻嫤鐡滄彁渚涙按鍒嗘椂涔熼渶瑕佹敞鎰忔祰姘撮噺錛屾渶濂藉彧鍦ㄥ湡澹ゅ共鐕ョ殑鎯呭喌涓嬩負妞嶆牚嫻囩亴姘村垎銆
7銆佷笣鐡溿備笣鐡滄槸寰堣愮儹鐨勮敩鑿滐紝娓╁害瓚婇珮錛岄暱鐨勮秺蹇錛屽忎笣鐡滆侀夎愮儹銆佹棭鐔熴佷赴鐧葷殑縐嶇被銆傚忓ｄ笣鐡滀竴鑸鍦5銆6鏈堜喚寮濮嬬嶆嶏紝鍒頒簡7銆10鏈堜喚渚垮彲浠ュ悜甯傚満渚涘簲銆傝繖涓鏃墮棿鍙浠ユ牴鎹甯傚満鎯呭喌鏉ラ夋嫨錛岄渶瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄鐢變簬澶忓ｉ槼鍏夎緝澶э紝闇瑕侀夋嫨鑰愮儹鎬ц緝寮虹殑涓濈摐銆傚忓ｉ珮娓╅珮婀跨殑鐜澧冭櫧鐒舵湁鍒╀簬涓濈摐鐨勭敓闀垮彂鑲詫紝浣嗗悓鏃朵篃鏄鐥呰櫕瀹崇殑楂樺彂鏃舵湡錛屽洜姝よ佹敞鎰忛槻姝㈢棶鉶瀹熾
8銆佸啲鐡溿傚啲鐡滄槸涓縐嶆瘮杈冭愮儹鐨勪綔鐗╋紝鐗瑰埆鍙浠ユ姷鎶楃値鐑鐨勫ぉ姘旓紝鍥犳ゅ忓ぉ涔熷彲鐢ㄧ嶆嶃傚啲鐡滃湪鐢熼暱榪囩▼涓鐨勯傚疁娓╁害鍦25-30搴︿箣闂達紝縐嶅瓙鍙戣娊鐨勬俯搴︿負28-30搴︼紝鍥犱負鍐鐡滅殑鍙剁墖姣旇緝澶э紝鎵浠ユ按鍒嗘祦澶辨瘮杈冨揩錛屽湪鐢熼暱榪囩▼涓闇瑕佸ぇ閲忕殑姘村垎錛屽忓ぉ縐嶆嶆敞鎰忓嫟嫻囨按銆
9銆佽寗瀛愩傚忓ぉ縐嶆嶈寗瀛愶紝閫氬父鍦ㄥ忓垵鏃跺垎榪涜屻傝寗瀛愬枩嬈㈤珮娓╃殑鐢熼暱鐜澧冿紝鎯寵佽╃嶅瓙鏇村ソ鐨勫彂鑺斤紝娓╁害瑕佸湪25-30鈩冧箣闂淬傚湪鏍界嶈寗瀛愬悗鍙浠ュ規嶆牚榪涜屼慨鍓錛岀敤閿嬪埄鐨勫壀鍒鍓鍘昏寗瀛愰《閮ㄧ殑瀚╄娊鍜屽╁彾錛屼績浣挎嶆牚闀垮嚭鏇村氱殑鍒嗘灊鐢ㄤ簬緇撴灉錛屼篃鍙浠ュ皢鑼勫瓙鐢熼暱涓嶈壇鐨勬灊鍙跺壀鍘伙紝甯鍔╂嶆牚鑺傜渷鍏誨垎錛屼嬌鍏舵洿濂界殑鐢熼暱銆
10銆佽荊妞掋傝荊妞掓槸涓縐嶅枩娓╄敩鑿滐紝澶忓ｇ嶆嶈荊妞掑叿鏈夊緢涓嶉敊鐨勭粡嫻庢晥鐩娿傚忓ｉ珮娓╁氶洦錛岄叿鏆戦毦鑰愶紝榪欐椂鍊欑嶆嶇殑杈ｆ掞紝鏇磋佸仛濂界＄悊鎺鏂姐傚湪縐嶆嶈荊妞掔殑鏃跺欙紝娓╁害瑕佸湪23-30鈩冧箣闂達紝騫艱嫍鍦ㄧ敓闀挎湡闂撮渶瑕佹俯搴﹂珮涓浜涳紝娓╁害浣庝簬15鈩冪殑璇濓紝縐嶅瓙浼氭棤娉曞嚭鑺斤紝鑰屼笖鍗充究鍑鴻娊瀹冪殑鐢熼暱閫熷害涔熷緢鎱銆傝荊妞掑湪澶忓ｇ棶鉶瀹蟲瘮杈冨氫笖涓ラ噸錛屽姞寮鴻荊妞掔敯闂寸＄悊錛岄勯槻濂界棶鉶瀹蟲槸淇濊瘉浼樿川杈ｆ掔殑鍩烘湰淇濋殰銆
11銆佽タ綰㈡熆銆傚忓ｆ挱縐嶇暘鑼勶紝搴旈夋嫨鍏鋒湁鎶楃棶銆佽愮儹銆佸悗鏈熻愬瘨鐨勬棭鐔熷搧縐嶃傜敱浜庨珮娓╄タ綰㈡熆鏄撴灟姝伙紝鑰屼笖涔熷規槗鍙戠敓鐥呰櫕瀹籌紝鑰屼笖榪欐椂鍊欏張鏄瑗跨孩鏌跨殑鍧愭灉鏃舵湡錛屽洜姝ょ敯闂寸＄悊闈炲父閲嶈侊紝鍏朵腑嫻囨按銆佹柦鑲ョ瓑嫻佺▼閮介渶瑕佹帉鎻℃妧宸с
12銆佺嬭懙銆傜嬭懙閫傚悎鍦ㄥ忓ぉ縐嶆嶏紝鑰屼笖鐢熼暱閫熷害蹇錛屽緢蹇灝辮兘緇撴灉瀹烇紝涓鐩磋兘鍚冨埌娣辯嬨傚洜涓虹嬭懙鍘熶駭浜庣儹甯﹀湴鍖猴紝鍠滄俯鏆栵紝閫傚疁鍦ㄦ俯搴﹂珮浜25搴︾殑鐜澧冧腑鐢熼暱錛岃屼笖縐嬭懙瀵規皵鍊欏拰鍦熷￥鐨勮佹眰涓嶉珮銆
2. 澶忓ｇ嶆嶇殑钄鑿滄湁鍝浜
1銆佺嬭懙縐嬭懙鏄涓縐嶉珮綰ц敩鑿滐紝鍦ㄥ叏涓栫晫閮介潪甯告湁鍚嶃傚傛灉榪欑嶈敩鑿滄槸鏄ュぉ縐嶇殑錛屽洜涓烘皵娓╀綆錛岄渶瑕佸偓鑺借偛鑻椼傚傛灉鐩存帴縐嶆嶏紝寰堥毦鍑鴻嫍銆備絾鏄澶忓ぉ鍙浠ヤ笉鍌鑺界洿鎺ョ嶏紝榪囧嚑澶╁氨鍑鴻嫍浜嗭紝鍑鴻嫍鍚庨暱寰楃壒鍒蹇銆傚紑鑺辯粨鑽氭椂闂翠笉闀匡紝灞炰簬鏃犻檺緇撹崥鍨嬨2銆佽眹璞璞囪眴鏄澶忕嬪ｇ殑涓昏佽敩鑿溿傚忓ぉ姣旀槬澶╂洿鏈変紭鍔匡紝鍙戣娊蹇銆傛挱浜嗗嚑澶╁氨闀挎弧浜嗚嫍錛屼笉緙鴻嫍銆傜敱浜庡忓ｇ敓闀胯繀閫燂紝寰堝皯鍙戠敓鑻楁湡鐥呭籌紝鍦38搴︾殑楂樻俯涓嬩粛鑳藉紑鑺辯粨鑽氾紝鑰屽叾浠栬眴綾婚兘鏄楂樻俯銆傚敮涓鐨勭己鐐規槸璞囪眴瀹規槗鍚稿紩鋩滆櫕錛屼絾鏄鍙浠ョ粡甯告拻鑽夋湪鐏幫紝鎴栬呭柗鑽夋湪鐏版場姘淬3銆佺┖蹇冭彍絀哄績鑿滄槸鍏稿瀷鐨勫忓ｈ敩鑿溿傚畠涓嶆曠儹涔熶笉鎬曢洦錛岄暱寰楀緢濂姐傛湁鏃跺欏彲鑳戒細寮曟潵鉶瀛愶紝浣嗘槸鍙瑕佷綘鍦ㄥ彾瀛愪笂鎾掍竴鐐硅崏鏈ㄧ伆錛屾垨鑰呭柗涓婅尪楗礆紝灝辨病鏈夎櫕瀛愪簡銆傜敓闀挎湡闂達紝姣忓嶮澶╁崐涓鏈堝彲浠ユ祰涓嬈＄勃錛岄暱鍔塊潪甯告椇鐩涳紝闈炲父閫傚悎澶忓ｇ嶆嶃4銆佸弻瀛㈣槕鑿榪欑嶈敩鑿滃懗閬撶嫭鐗癸紝寰堝氫漢閮藉枩嬈㈠悆銆傝繖縐嶈敩鑿滀笉鎬曠儹錛屼笉鎬曟箍錛岀棶鉶瀹沖皯銆傛俯搴﹁秺楂橈紝瀹冮暱寰楄秺鑼傜洓銆傛槸鏈閫傚悎澶忓ｇ嶆嶇殑钄鑿溿傜劧鑰岋紝鉋戣弴鐨勭嶅瓙鏄鍧氱‖鐨勩傜嶆嶆椂錛屾渶濂藉湪鎾縐嶅墠鐢ㄦ竻姘存蹈娉′竴澶╋紝榪欐牱鍙浠ュ揩閫熷埛鑻椼傚墮噷鏈変釜鍦版柟鍙浠ョ嶄竴鐐癸紝姣忓ぉ鍚冩柊椴滆敩鑿溿5銆佽姖楹昏彍鑺濋夯鑿滅壒鍒鑰愮儹銆傚嵆浣垮湪40澶氬害鐨勭幆澧冧笅錛屼篃鐓у父鐢熼暱銆傛渶閲嶈佺殑鏄鏁翠釜鐢熼暱鏈熷熀鏈娌℃湁鐥呰櫕瀹籌紝鑰屼笖闀垮緱寰堝揩銆備粠縐嶆嶅埌閲囨憳闇瑕20澶╁乏鍙熾傚畠鐨勬ц川寰堝己錛屾槗浜庣＄悊銆傛槸鏂版墜縐嶈彍鐨勯栭夈https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/ac6eddc451da81cb4d88e55e4066d01609243132?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto