① adsl鎺ュ叆鏂瑰紡鏄鎬庝箞鎺ュ叆鐨
ADSL鎺ュ叆鏂瑰紡鏄濡備綍鎺ュ叆鐨
ADSL錛圓symmetric Digital Subscriber Line錛夋帴鍏ユ柟寮忔槸涓縐嶉氳繃鐢佃瘽綰胯礬浼犺緭鏁版嵁鐨勫藉甫鎺ュ叆鎶鏈銆傚叾鐗圭偣鏄涓婁紶鍜屼笅杞介熷害涓嶅圭О錛屼笅杞介熷害鏇村揩銆侫DSL鎺ュ叆鏂瑰紡鏄閫氳繃鐢佃瘽綰胯礬灝嗗藉甫淇″彿浼犺緭鍒扮敤鎴峰朵腑錛屼粠鑰屽疄鐜頒笂緗戝姛鑳姐
棣栧厛錛孉DSL鎺ュ叆鏂瑰紡闇瑕佺敤鎴峰湪瀹朵腑瀹夎呬竴涓獮DSL璋冨埗瑙ｈ皟鍣ㄣ傝繖涓璋冨埗瑙ｈ皟鍣ㄤ細榪炴帴鍒扮敤鎴風殑鐢佃剳鎴栬礬鐢卞櫒涓娿傚叾嬈★紝鐢ㄦ埛瑕侀氳繃鐢佃瘽綰胯繛鎺ヨ皟鍒惰В璋冨櫒鍜岀數璇濈嚎璺銆傝繖鏍鳳紝ADSL淇″彿灝卞彲浠ラ氳繃鐢佃瘽綰胯礬浼犺緭鍒扮敤鎴峰朵腑銆
鎺ョ潃錛岀敤鎴烽渶瑕佸悜褰撳湴鐨勭綉緇滄湇鍔℃彁渚涘晢錛圛SP錛夋敞鍐屼竴涓獮DSL瀹藉甫璐﹀彿銆傜敤鎴峰皢鎻愪緵鍦板潃鍜岀數璇濆彿鐮佺瓑淇℃伅錛屼互渚縄SP榪涜岄獙璇佸拰嬋媧匯備竴鏃︽縺媧繪垚鍔燂紝鐢ㄦ埛灝卞彲浠ラ氳繃璋冨埗瑙ｈ皟鍣ㄨ繛鎺ュ埌浜掕仈緗戱紝騫朵韓鍙楃ǔ瀹氱殑涓婄綉閫熷害銆
鎬葷殑鏉ヨ達紝ADSL鎺ュ叆鏂瑰紡鏄涓縐嶉氳繃鐢佃瘽綰胯礬浼犺緭鏁版嵁鐨勫藉甫鎺ュ叆鎶鏈銆傜敤鎴烽渶瑕佸畨瑁呰皟鍒惰В璋冨櫒鍜岃繛鎺ョ數璇濈嚎璺錛岀劧鍚庢敞鍐屼竴涓獮DSL璐﹀彿銆傞氳繃榪欎簺姝ラわ紝鐢ㄦ埛灝卞彲浠ヨ交鏉懼湴鎺ュ叆鍒頒簰鑱旂綉錛屼韓鍙楅珮閫熶笂緗戠殑渚垮埄銆
② 鐢ㄧ數鑴戞庢牱涓婁紶鏁版嵁
緗戠粶涓鏁版嵁浼犺緭榪囩▼
鎴戜滑姣忓ぉ閮藉湪浣跨敤浜掕仈緗戱紝鎴戜滑鐢佃剳涓婄殑鏁版嵁鏄鎬庝箞鏍烽氳繃浜掕仈緗戜紶杈撳埌鍒板彟澶栫殑涓鍙扮數鑴戜笂鐨勫憿錛
鎴戜滑鐭ラ亾鐜板湪鐨勪簰鑱旂綉涓浣跨敤鐨凾CP/IP鍗忚鏄鍩轟簬錛孫SI錛堝紑鏀劇郴緇熶簰鑱旓級鐨勪竷灞傚弬鑰冩ā鍨嬬殑錛岋紙鉶界劧涓嶆槸瀹屽叏絎﹀悎錛変粠涓婂埌涓嬪垎鍒涓 搴旂敤灞 琛ㄧず灞 浼氳瘽灞 浼犺緭灞 緗戠粶灞 鏁版嵁閾捐礬灞傚拰鐗╃悊灞傘傚叾涓鏁版嵁閾捐礬灞傚張鍙鏄鍒嗕負涓や釜瀛愬眰鍒嗗埆涓洪昏緫閾捐礬鎺у埗灞傦紙Logic Link Control錛孡LC 錛夊拰浠嬭川璁塊棶鎺у埗灞傦紙(Media Access Control錛孧AC )涔熷氨鏄騫沖父璇寸殑MAC灞傘侺LC瀵逛袱涓鑺傜偣涓鐨勯摼璺榪涜屽垵濮嬪寲錛岄槻姝㈣繛鎺ヤ腑鏂錛屼繚鎸佸彲闈犵殑閫氫俊銆侻AC灞傜敤鏉ユ楠屽寘鍚鍦ㄦ瘡涓妗涓鐨勫湴鍧淇℃伅銆傚湪涓嬮潰浼氬垎鏋愬埌銆傝繕瑕佹槑鐧戒竴鐐硅礬鐢卞櫒鏄鍦ㄧ綉璺灞傜殑錛岃岀綉鍗″湪鏁版嵁閾捐礬灞傘
鎴戜滑鐭ラ亾錛孉RP錛圓ddress Resolution Protocol錛屽湴鍧杞鎹㈠崗璁錛夎褰撲綔搴曞眰鍗忚錛岀敤浜嶪P鍦板潃鍒扮墿鐞嗗湴鍧鐨勮漿鎹銆傚湪浠ュお緗戜腑錛屾墍鏈夊笽P鐨勮塊棶鏈緇堥兘杞鍖栦負瀵圭綉鍗MAC鍦板潃鐨勮塊棶銆傚傛灉涓繪満A鐨凙RP鍒楄〃涓錛屽埌涓繪満B鐨処P鍦板潃涓嶮AC鍦板潃瀵瑰簲涓嶆ｇ『錛岀敱A鍙戝線B鏁版嵁鍖呭氨浼氬彂鍚戦敊璇鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛屽綋鐒舵棤娉曢『鍒╁埌杈綛錛岀粨 鏋滄槸A涓嶣鏍規湰涓嶈兘榪涜岄氫俊銆
棣栧厛鎴戜滑鍒嗘瀽涓涓嬪湪鍚屼竴涓緗戞電殑鎯呭喌銆傚亣璁炬湁涓ゅ彴鐢佃剳鍒嗗埆鍛藉悕涓篈鍜孊錛孉闇瑕佺浉B鍙戦佹暟鎹鐨勮瘽錛孉涓繪満棣栧厛鎶婄洰鏍囪懼嘊鐨処P鍦板潃涓庤嚜宸辯殑瀛愮綉鎺╃爜榪涜屸滀笌鈥濇搷浣滐紝浠ュ垽鏂鐩鏍囪懼囦笌鑷宸辨槸鍚︿綅浜庡悓涓緗戞靛唴銆傚傛灉鐩鏍囪懼囧湪鍚屼竴緗戞靛唴錛屽苟涓擜娌℃湁鑾峰緱涓庣洰鏍囪懼嘊鐨処P鍦板潃鐩稿瑰簲鐨凪AC鍦板潃淇℃伅錛屽垯婧愯懼囷紙A錛変互絎浜屽眰騫挎挱鐨勫艦寮(鐩鏍嘙AC鍦板潃涓哄叏1)鍙戦丄RP璇鋒眰鎶ユ枃錛屽湪ARP璇鋒眰鎶ユ枃涓鍖呭惈浜嗘簮璁懼囷紙A錛変笌鐩鏍囪懼囷紙B錛夌殑IP鍦板潃銆傚悓涓緗戞典腑鐨勬墍鏈夊叾浠栬懼囬兘鍙浠ユ敹鍒板苟鍒嗘瀽榪欎釜ARP璇鋒眰鎶ユ枃錛屽傛灉鏌愯懼囧彂鐜版姤鏂囦腑鐨勭洰鏍嘔P鍦板潃涓庤嚜宸辯殑IP鍦板潃鐩稿悓錛屽垯瀹冨悜婧愯懼囧彂鍥濧RP鍝嶅簲鎶ユ枃錛岄氳繃璇ユ姤鏂囦嬌婧愯懼囪幏寰楃洰鏍囪懼囩殑MAC鍦板潃淇℃伅銆備負浜嗗噺灝戝箍鎾閲忥紝緗戠粶璁懼囬氳繃ARP琛ㄥ湪緙撳瓨涓淇濆瓨IP涓嶮AC鍦板潃鐨勬槧灝勪俊鎮銆傚湪涓嬈 ARP鐨勮鋒眰涓庡搷搴旇繃紼嬩腑錛岄氫俊鍙屾柟閮芥妸瀵規柟鐨凪AC鍦板潃涓嶪P鍦板潃鐨勫瑰簲鍏崇郴淇濆瓨鍦ㄥ悇鑷鐨凙RP琛ㄤ腑錛屼互鍦ㄥ悗緇鐨勯氫俊涓浣跨敤銆侫RP琛ㄤ嬌鐢ㄨ佸寲鏈哄埗錛屽垹闄ゅ湪涓孌墊椂闂村唴娌℃湁浣跨敤榪囩殑IP涓嶮AC鍦板潃鐨勬槧灝勫叧緋匯備竴涓鏈鍩烘湰鐨勭綉緇滄嫇鎵戠粨鏋勶細
濡傛灉涓闂磋佺粡榪囦氦鎹㈡満鐨勮瘽錛屾牴鎹浜ゆ崲鏈虹殑鍘熺悊錛屽畠鏄鐩存帴灝嗘暟鎹鍙戦佸埌鐩稿簲絝鍙ｏ紝閭ｄ箞灝卞繀欏諱繚鏈変竴涓鏁版嵁搴擄紝鍖呭惈鎵鏈夌鍙ｆ墍榪炵綉鍗＄殑MAC鍦板潃銆傚畠閫氳繃鍒嗘瀽Ethernet鍖呯殑鍖呭ご淇℃伅錛堝叾涓鍖呭惈涓嶅師MAC鍦板潃錛岀洰鏍嘙AC鍦板潃錛屼俊鎮鐨勯暱搴︾瓑淇℃伅錛夛紝鍙栧緱鐩鏍嘊鐨凪AC鍦板潃鍚庯紝鏌ユ壘浜ゆ崲鏈轟腑瀛樺偍鐨勫湴鍧瀵圭収琛錛岋紙MAC鍦板潃瀵瑰簲鐨勭鍙ｏ級錛岀『璁ゅ叿鏈夋MAC鍦板潃鐨勭綉鍗¤繛鎺ュ湪鍝涓絝鍙ｄ笂錛岀劧鍚庡皢鏁版嵁鍖呭彂閫佸埌榪欎釜瀵瑰簲鐨勭鍙ｏ紝涔熷氨鐩稿簲鐨勫彂閫佸埌鐩鏍囦富鏈築涓娿傝繖鏍蜂竴鏉ワ紝鍗充嬌鏌愬彴涓繪満鐩楃敤浜嗚繖涓狪P鍦板潃錛屼絾鐢變簬浠栨病鏈夎繖涓狹AC鍦板潃錛屽洜姝や篃涓嶄細鏀跺埌鏁版嵁鍖呫
鐜板湪鎴戜滑璁ㄨ轟袱鍙頒笉鍦ㄥ悓涓涓緗戞典腑鐨勪富鏈猴紝鍋囪劇綉緇滀腑瑕佷粠涓繪満PC-A鍙戦佹暟鎹鍖匬AC鍒癙C-C涓繪満涓
PC-A騫朵笉闇瑕佽幏鍙栬繙紼嬩富鏈猴紙PC-C錛夌殑MAC鍦板潃錛岃屾槸鎶奍P鍒嗙粍鍙戝悜緙虹渷緗戝叧錛岀敱緗戝叧IP鍒嗙粍鐨勫畬鎴愯漿鍙戣繃紼嬨傚傛灉婧愪富鏈猴紙PC-A錛夋病鏈夌己鐪佺綉鍏矼AC鍦板潃鐨勭紦瀛樿板綍錛屽垯瀹冧細閫氳繃ARP鍗忚鑾峰彇緗戝叧鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛屽洜姝ゅ湪A鐨凙RP琛ㄤ腑鍙瑙傚療鍒扮綉鍏崇殑MAC鍦板潃璁板綍錛岃岃傚療涓嶅埌榪滅▼涓繪満鐨 MAC鍦板潃銆傚湪浠ュお緗(Ethernet)涓錛屼竴涓緗戠粶璁懼囪佸拰鍙︿竴涓緗戠粶璁懼囪繘琛岀洿鎺ラ氫俊錛
闄や簡鐭ラ亾鐩鏍囪懼囩殑緗戠粶灞傞昏緫鍦板潃(濡侷P鍦板潃)澶栵紝榪樿佺煡閬撶洰鏍囪懼囩殑絎浜屽眰鐗╃悊鍦板潃(MAC鍦板潃)銆侫RP鍗忚鐨勫熀鏈鍔熻兘灝辨槸閫氳繃鐩鏍囪懼囩殑IP鍦板潃錛屾煡璇㈢洰鏍囪懼囩殑MAC鍦板潃錛屼互淇濊瘉閫氫俊鐨勯『鍒╄繘琛屻 鏁版嵁鍖呭湪緗戠粶涓鐨勫彂閫佹槸涓涓鍙婂叾澶嶆潅鐨勮繃紼嬶紝涓婂浘鍙鏄涓縐嶅緢綆鍗曠殑鎯呭喌錛屼腑闂存病鏈夎繃澶氱殑涓闂磋妭鐐癸紝鍏跺疄鐜板疄涓鍙浼氭瘮榪欎釜鏇村嶆潅錛屼絾鏄澶ц嚧鐨勫師鐞嗘槸涓鑷寸殑銆
錛1錛塒C-A瑕佸彂閫佹暟鎹鍖呭埌PC-C鐨勮瘽錛屽傛灉PC-A娌℃湁PC-C鐨処P鍦板潃錛屽垯PC-A棣栧厛瑕佸彂鍑轟竴涓猟ns鐨勮鋒眰錛岃礬鐢卞櫒A鎴栬卍ns瑙ｆ瀽鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ細緇橮C-A鍥炲簲PC-C鐨剗p鍦板潃錛岃繖鏍稰C-A鍏充簬鏁版嵁鍖呯涓夊眰鐨処P鍦板潃淇℃伅灝卞叏浜嗭細婧怚P鍦板潃錛歅C-A錛岀洰鐨剗p鍦板潃錛歅C-C銆
錛2錛夋帴涓嬫潵PC-A瑕佺煡閬撳備綍鍒拌揪PC-C錛岀劧鍚庯紝PC-A浼氬彂閫佷竴涓猘rp鐨勫湴鍧瑙ｆ瀽璇鋒眰錛屽彂閫佽繖涓鍦板潃瑙ｆ瀽璇鋒眰錛屼笉鏄涓轟簡鑾峰緱鐩鏍囦富鏈篜C-C鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛岃屾槸鎶婅鋒眰鍙戦佸埌浜嗚礬鐢卞櫒A涓錛岀劧鍚庤礬鐢卞櫒A涓鐨凪AC鍦板潃浼氬彂閫佺粰婧愪富鏈篜C-A錛岃繖鏍稰C-A鐨勬暟鎹鍖呯殑絎浜屽眰淇℃伅涔熷叏浜嗭紝婧怣AC鍦板潃錛歅C-A鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛岀洰鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛氳礬鐢卞櫒A鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛
錛3錛夌劧鍚庢暟鎹浼氬埌杈句氦鎹㈡満A,浜ゆ崲鏈篈鐪嬪埌鏁版嵁鍖呯殑絎浜屽眰鐩鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛屾槸鍘誨線璺鐢卞櫒A鐨勶紝灝辨妸鏁版嵁鍖呭彂閫佸埌璺鐢卞櫒A錛岃礬鐢卞櫒A鏀跺埌鏁版嵁鍖咃紝棣栧厛鏌ョ湅鏁版嵁鍖呯殑絎涓夊眰ip鐩鐨勫湴鍧錛屽傛灉鍦ㄨ嚜宸辯殑璺鐢辮〃涓鏈夊幓寰PC-C鐨勮礬鐢憋紝璇存槑榪欐槸涓涓鍙璺鐢辯殑鏁版嵁鍖呫 錛4錛夌劧鍚庤礬鐢卞櫒榪涜孖P閲嶇粍鍜屽垎緇勭殑榪囩▼銆傞栧厛鏇存崲姝ゆ暟鎹鍖呯殑絎浜屽眰鍖呭ご淇℃伅錛岃礬鐢卞櫒PC-A鍒拌揪PC鈥擟瑕佺粡榪囦竴涓騫垮煙緗戱紝鍦ㄨ繖閲屼細灝佽呭緢澶氬箍鍩熺綉鐩稿叧鐨勫崗璁銆傚叾浣滅敤涔熸槸涓轟簡鎵句笅涓闃舵電殑淇℃伅銆傚悓鏃跺圭浜屽眰鍜岀涓夊眰鐨勬暟鎹鍖呴噸鏍￠獙銆傛妸鏁版嵁緇忚繃Internet鍙戦佸嚭鍘匯傛渶鍚庣粡榪囧緢澶氱殑鑺傜偣鍙戦佸埌鐩鏍囦富鏈篜C_C涓銆
鐜板湪鎴戜滑鎯充竴涓闂棰橈紝PC-A鍜孭C-C鐨凪AC鍦板潃濡傛灉鏄鐩稿悓鐨勮瘽錛屼細涓嶄細褰卞搷姝ｅ父鐨勯氳鍛錛佺瓟妗堟槸涓嶄細褰卞搷鐨勶紝鍥犱負榪欎袱涓涓繪満鎵澶勭殑灞鍩熺綉琚騫垮煙緗戝垎闅斿紑浜嗭紝閫氳繃瀵瑰彂鍖呰繃紼嬬殑鍒嗘瀽鍙浠ョ湅鍑烘潵錛屼笉浼氭湁浠諱綍鐨勯棶棰樸傝屽傛灉鍦ㄥ悓涓涓灞鍩熺綉涓鐨勮瘽錛岄偅涔堝氨浼氫駭鐢熼氳鐨勬販涔便傚綋鏁版嵁鍙戦佸埌浜ゆ崲鏈烘槸錛岃繖鏄鐨勭鍙ｄ俊鎮浼氭湁涓や釜鐩稿悓鐨凪AC鍦板潃錛岃岃繖鏃舵暟鎹浼氬彂閫佸埌涓や釜涓繪満涓婏紝榪欐牱淇℃伅灝變細娣蜂貢銆傚洜姝よ繖涔熸槸淇濊瘉MAC鍦板潃鍞涓鎬х殑涓涓鐞嗙敱銆
鎴戞殏涓旀寜鎴戠殑鐞嗚В璇磋村惂銆
鍏堢湅涓涓嬭＄畻鏈虹綉緇淥SI妯″瀷鐨勪竷涓灞傛★細
鈹屸斺斺斺斺斺攼
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鈹 琛ㄧず灞 鈹
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鈹 浼犺緭灞 鈹
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
鈹 緗戠粶灞 鈹
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
鈹傛暟鎹閾捐礬灞傗攤
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
鈹 鐗╃悊灞 鈹傗啇絎涓灞
鈹斺斺斺斺斺斺敇
鑰屾垜浠鐜板湪鐢ㄧ殑緗戠粶閫氫俊鍗忚甌CP/IP鍗忚鑰呭彧鍒掑垎浜嗗洓鎴愶細
鈹屸斺斺斺斺斺攼
鈹 搴旂敤灞 鈹 鈫愬寘鎷琌SI鐨勪笂涓夊眰
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
鈹 浼犺緭灞 鈹
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
鈹 緗戠粶灞 鈹
鈹溾斺斺斺斺斺敜
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鈹斺斺斺斺斺斺敇
涓ゅ彴璁＄畻鏈洪氫俊鎵蹇呴』闇瑕佺殑涓滆タ錛欼P鍦板潃錛堢綉緇滃眰錛+絝鍙ｅ彿錛堜紶閫佸眰錛夈
涓ゅ彴璁＄畻鏈洪氫俊錛圱CP/IP鍗忚錛夌殑鏈綺劇畝妯″瀷澶ц嚧濡備笅錛
涓繪満A---->璺鐢卞櫒錛堥浂涓鎴栧氫釜錛---->涓繪満B
涓句釜渚嬪瓙錛氫富鏈篈涓婄殑搴旂敤紼嬪簭a鎯寵佸拰涓繪満B涓婇潰鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴廱閫氫俊錛屽ぇ鑷村備笅
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